What is HAZOP?

A Hazard and Operability (HAZOP) study is a structured and systematic examination of a planned or existing process or operation in order to identify and evaluate problems that may represent risks to personnel or equipment, or prevent efficient operation.

The HAZOP technique was initially developed to analyse chemical process systems, but has later been extended to other types of systems and also to complex operations and to software systems.

A HAZOP is a qualitative technique based on guide-words and is carried out by a multi-disciplinary team (HAZOP team) during aset of meetings.

History Of HAZOP

HAZOP STUDY is a legal requirement as per the rules 10 to 13 under Manufacture, storage and import of Hazardous chemicals rules, 2000 and environment (protection) Act, 1986. It is obligatory of the occupier to carry out a "HAZOP Study", as required under item no. (II) (2) of the format for application of the Site Appraisal Committee and as per the Schedule 1 of the Factories Act under Section 2(CB) - Item No. 11 of the Schedule.

HAZOP Background

The basis for HAZOP was laid by ICI in 1963 and was based on so-called “critical examination” techniques First guide: “A Guide to Hazard and Operability Studies”, ICI and Chemical Industries Associations Ltd. 1977.

When To Perform a HAZOP?

The HAZOP study should preferably be carried out as early in the design phase as possible - to have influence on the design. On the other hand; to carry out a HAZOP we need a rather complete design. As a compromise, the HAZOP is usually carried out as a final check when the detailed design has been completed.

A HAZOP study may also be conducted on an existing facility to identify modifications that should be implemented to reduce risk and operability problems.

HAZOP studies may also be used more extensively, including:

Types Of HAZOP

Advantages

Success Factors